The X-Men's Cerebro technology is actually the key to hunting mutants. When Charles Xavier decided to begin searching the world for mutants, he hit upon the idea of creating Cerebro, a technology that amplified his natural psychic powers and allowed him to identify mutants even across the other side of the planet. Cerebro allowed him to discover several members of the original X-Men, as well as to monitor for potential threats.
Jonathan Hickman's X-Men relaunch has revealed another hidden purpose behind Cerebro. Xavier hasn't only been using Cerebro to search out mutants; he's also been creating backups of their mental patterns, stored at hidden locations across the globe. Now, the synergy of Cerebro records and mutant powers has allowed the X-Men to conquer death, creating clones of deceased mutants and uploading their recorded consciousnesses to essentially resurrect them. The mutant community of Krakoa is gradually bringing back all the millions of mutants who were slain over the years. Cerebro is infinitely more useful than the X-Men believed.
But it is also infinitely more dangerous. In Uncanny X-Men #334, the time-traveling mutant Bishop conducted repairs on Cerebro and was struck by the fact that he recognized the technology. Bishop originates from a dystopian timeline where mutants are hunted and persecuted, and it seems Cerebro is almost identical to the equipment used by mutant hunters in that timeline. It's worth noting this equipment was used by humans and mutants alike, so it mustn't take much to adapt Cerebro to be usable by ordinary humans.
This more ominous aspect of Cerebro technology is commonly forgotten, but it may yet be important. Russian forces successfully launched a raid on Krakoa and acquired the Cerebro Sword, a blade forged by Magneto by a damaged Cerebro headset. X-Force #11 confirmed the Cerebro Sword is still active; "Every now and then the sword would wink or glimmer with light or hum with the data still coursing through it," a data page revealed. "Cerebro was broken, but forged anew and refined, like Xavier's Dream." That means the Russian government could well figure out how to use the Cerebro Sword to access Xavier's network, but an equally disturbing possibility is that they could develop the ability to track mutants across the globe.
There are already ominous signs the Russians have figured out how to reverse-engineer some Cerebro technology because they've managed to block his telepathic probes from the entire country. Should they be able to duplicate Cerebro, they will be able to track specific mutants and target them when they see they're vulnerable. The threat is greater than the X-Men have realized.