There are some Pokémon from the days of Pokémon Red & Blue that couldn't use obvious moves, even though they perfectly matched their descriptions. The moves available to Pokémon in Pokémon Red & Blue had some oddities, especially in regards to game balance, such as there being only a single Dragon-type move (Dragon Rage) available to players.
The developers of Pokémon Red & Blue had a huge task ahead of them, as they had to balance out 150 Pokémon, which doesn't even count Mew, who was added to the game at the last minute. They had no idea that competitive battles would take off in the way they did, so Pokémon Red & Blue was a mess in regards to balance. As time went on, measures were introduced to balance out the battles, such as introducing Dark-type and Steel-type to counter the overwhelming power of Psychic-type Pokémon.
There are plenty of signature moves that were created with a single Pokémon in mind, such as Pay Day for Meowth and Crabhammer for Krabby. There were some Pokémon that seemed like ideal candidates for specific moves, however, but for whatever reason, they didn't have access to them.
Pokémon: Lickitung Couldn't Use Lick
In Pokémon, Lickitung is defined as the Licking Pokémon. It has a giant tongue, which it uses to disable its foes, either through battering them or wrapping them up with it like a rope. Despite Lickitung's close association with the act of licking, it couldn't use Lick until Pokémon Gold & Silver. The only Pokémon in Pokémon Red & Blue that could use Lick were the Gastly line and Jynx.
Pokémon: Zubat/Golbat Couldn't Use Fly
Fly is a powerful Flying-type move that also protects the user from most attacks for one round. It was far more useful as an HM move, however, as it was the Pokémon equivalent of fast travel for a long time. Most of the Flying-type and part Flying-type Pokémon in Pokémon Red & Blue could use Fly, but Zubat and Golbat weren't among them. They wouldn't gain the ability to use Fly until Pokémon Ruby & Sapphire. There might have been an argument to be made about a small creature like Zubat not being able to carry Red around, but Pokémon like Pidgey, Doduo, and Spearow could use the move.
Pokémon: Growlithe Still Can't Use Growl
Growlithe cannot use Growl, which is a result of differences in translations. Growlithe's Japanese name is Gardi, while Growl is Cry. It's still odd that Growlithe can't use Growl, considering other dog-like Pokémon can use the move, such as Eevee, the Eeveelutions, and Furfrou. Growlithe can learn other moves that fit a dog Pokémon, like Bite and Howl, but Growl isn't among them.